Manufacturing process of cements, types and properties of cements, use of chemical and mineral admixtures, properties and gradation of aggregates, site operations, factors affecting workability and strength of concrete, mix design of concrete, tests on plastic and hardened properties of concrete, test for assessment of concrete in existing structures, durability of concrete, hot-weather concreting, properties and tests of bituminous binders and mixtures, uses of bituminous mixtures, manufacturing process, composition and heat treatment of steel, and alloy steels, sustainability of building materials.